Easysoft ODBC-ODBC Join Engine ODBC and SQL Conformance
Contents
ODBC API support
ODBC-ODBC Join Engine API entry points
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine provides the following API entry points:
ODBC Driver Manager functions
The following functions are provided by the ODBC Driver Manager:
Function | ODBC conformance |
---|---|
SQLDataSources |
Core |
SQLDrivers |
Core |
SQLAllocConnect |
Core |
SQLAllocEnv |
Core |
SQLError |
Core |
SQLGetConnectOption |
Core |
SQLSetParam |
Core |
ODBC-ODBC Join Engine Setup library functions
The following functions are provided by the ODBC-ODBC Join Engine Setup library:
Function | ODBC conformance |
---|---|
SQLConfigDriver |
Core |
SQLConfigDSN |
Core |
Unsupported functions
The following functions are currently not supported, but are planned for future release:
Function | ODBC Conformance |
---|---|
SQLBulkOperations |
Level 1 |
SQLProcedureColumns |
Level 1 |
SQLProcedures |
Level 1 |
SQL
Supported statements
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports the following statements:
ALTER TABLE
COMMIT
CREATE INDEX
CREATE TABLE
CREATE VIEW
DELETE STATEMENT
(positioned)DELETE STATEMENT
(searched)DROP INDEX
DROP TABLE
DROP VIEW
GRANT
INSERT
REVOKE
ROLLBACK
SELECT
SELECT FOR UPDATE
UPDATE
(positioned)UPDATE
(searched)
Unions
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports UNION
and UNION ALL
.
Table reference
The table reference list in a SELECT
can contain all or any of:
- Table name
- Subquery
- Join
Joins
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports the following types of joins:
INNER
LEFT OUTER
RIGHT OUTER
FULL OUTER
NATURAL
The joining condition may be specified with the ON
or USING
clause. Both the left and right source can be a table name, subquery, or another join. Joins can be nested with no restriction on depth.
Joins can be specified in both SQL-92 and ODBC format:
SQL92
SELECT * from x LEFT OUTER JOIN y ON x.a = y.a
ODBC
SELECT * from {oj x LEFT OUTER y ON x.a = y.a }
Predicates
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports the following predicates:
- Comparison (
a = b
) BETWEEN
(a BETWEEN b AND c
)LIKE
(a LIKE '%green%'
)NULL
(a IS NOT NULL
)IN value_list
(a IN (1, 2, 3)
)IN sub_query
(a IN (SELECT x FROM y
)- Quantified comparison (
a = ALL (SELECT x FROM y)
) EXISTS
(EXISTS(SELECT x from y)
)
Subqueries in predicates can be correlated or non-correlated:
Correlated
SELECT a FROM b WHERE c = ALL ( SELECT x FROM y WHERE z = a )
Non-correlated
SELECT a FROM b WHERE c = ALL ( SELECT x FROM y WHERE z = 12 )
Scalar functions
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine provides ODBC and SQL-92 functions. Functions can be specified in either ODBC or SQL92 format:
SQL-92
SELECT CURRENT_DATE, EXTRACT( YEAR FROM Employee.data_of_birth ) FROM Employee
ODBC
SELECT {fn CURRENT_DATE()}, {fn EXTRACT( YEAR FROM Employee.data_of_birth )} FROM Employee
The following is a complete set of supported functions:
Pseudo-variable functions
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_USER
USER
SQL-92 functions
BIT_LENGTH
CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH
OCTET_LENGTH
POSITION
SUBSTRING
TRIM
ODBC functions
ASCII
CHAR
CONCAT
DIFFERENCE
INSERT
LCASE
LEFT
LENGTH
LOCATE
LTRIM
REPEAT
REPLACE
RIGHT
RTRIM
SOUNDEX
SPACE
UCASE
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATAN2
CEILING
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MOD
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
TAN
TRUNCATE
CURDATE
CURTIME
DAYNAME
DAYOFMONTH
DAYOFWEEK
DAYOFYEAR
EXTRACT
HOUR
MINUTE
MONTH
MONTHNAME
NOW
QUARTER
SECOND
TIMESTAMPADD
TIMESTAMPDIFF
WEEK
YEAR
DATABASE
IFNULL
SET
functions
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports the following SET
functions:
COUNT(* | ALL | DISTINCT)
AVG(ALL | DISTINCT)
MIN(ALL | DISTINCT)
MAX(ALL | DISTINCT)
SUM(ALL | DISTINCT)
Conversion functions
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports both the SQL-92 CAST
function and the ODBC CONVERT
function for conversion between compatible data types.
Conditional functions
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine supports CASE
statements and the shorthand forms NULLIF
and COALESCE
.
Literals
All SQL-92 and ODBC literals are supported and can be specified in either form:
SQL92
DATE '2024-01-02', INTERVAL '10-2' YEAR TO MONTH
ODBC
{d '2024-01-02'}, {INTERVAL '10-2' YEAR TO MONTH}
ODBC-ODBC Join Engine features
Optimisations
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine performs several optimisations to improve performance including the following:
Query optimisation
The WHERE
clause of a query will be rewritten into a form that allows for more efficient processing of data.
For example, the query:
SELECT * FROM x WHERE ( a = 10 or b = 20 ) and c = 30
becomes:
SELECT * FROM x WHERE a = 10 and c = 30 UNION SELECT * FROM x WHERE b = 20 and c = 30
Table optimisation
In cases where indexes are present on tables, the ODBC-ODBC Join Engine will (if necessary) rearrange the order that tables are processed to enable the index to be used, which can lead to huge increases in performance.
For example, consider the following query, where tables a
, b
, and c
each have 800 rows and an index on catalog_number
:
SELECT * FROM a, b, c WHERE a.catalog_number = c.catalog_number AND b.catalog_number = a.catalog_number AND a."desc" = b."desc" AND c.retail = a.retail AND a.catalog_number = b.catalog_number
When run with the table order specified, the query takes about 350 seconds on a given test configuration, but if table optimisation is enabled then the query takes under 2 seconds (on the same machine).
The effect of this optimisation is most noticeable on some of the queries that comprise the TPC-D benchmark set. Without this optimisation, some of the queries can be considered to never end (still running after a day), but with optimisation the same query will return in under 10 seconds.
Informational schema
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine provides an informational schema view of the tables supplied by the target data sources.
The following tables are available:
INFO_SCHEMA.CHARACTER_SETS
INFO_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS
INFO_SCHEMA.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
INFO_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
INFO_SCHEMA.INDEXES
INFO_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA
INFO_SCHEMA.SERVER_INFO
INFO_SCHEMA.SQL_LANGUAGES
INFO_SCHEMA.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
INFO_SCHEMA.TABLES
INFO_SCHEMA.USAGE_PRIVILEGES
INFO_SCHEMA.VIEWS
Data types
The following data types are supported:
SQL_CHAR
SQL_VARCHAR
SQL_LONGVARCHAR
SQL_NUMERIC
SQL_DECIMAL
SQL_SMALLINT
SQL_INTEGER
SQL_REAL
SQL_FLOAT
SQL_DOUBLE
SQL_BIT
SQL_TINYINT
SQL_BIGINT
SQL_BINARY
SQL_VARBINARY
SQL_LONGVARBINARY
SQL_TYPE_DATE
SQL_TYPE_TIME
SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP
SQL_INTERVALS
(all types)
ODBC features
The ODBC-ODBC Join Engine provides FORWARD ONLY
, STATIC
, and KEYSET CURSORS
and also provides the following additional ODBC features (reported through the SQLGetInfo
API call):
SQL_ASYNC_MODE
Asynchronous operation is supported both at the statement and connection level (SQL_AM_STATEMENT
).
SQL_COLUMN_ALIAS
The data source supports column alias using the optional AS
clause.
SQL_CORRELATION_NAME
Correlation names are supported and can be any valid user-defined-name.
SQL_DATETIME_LITERALS
All SQL-92 datetime
literals are supported.
SQL_GETDATA_EXTENSIONS
SQLGetData
can be called for any column bound or unbound.
SQL_GROUPBY
The columns in the GROUP BY
clause and the select list are not related (SQL_GB_NO_RELATION
).
SQL_INDEX_KEYWORDS
All keywords are supported.